Youth Justice Board report reveals harmful sexual behaviour and misogyny on the rise among children

The Youth Justice Board (YJB) has published a new Evidence and Insights Pack examining harmful sexual behaviour, misogyny and violence carried out by children across England and Wales. The report shows proven sexual offences by children rose by 47% in 2023–24, followed by a further 6% increase in the latest year (the YJB notes however this may partly reflect improved reporting and detection). The research also highlights the widespread experiences of sexual harassment and image-based abuse reported by girls in schools and peer relationships. The evidence points to a range of factors influencing harmful sexual behaviour among children, including childhood trauma, peer dynamics, and exposure to misogynistic content online. Digital environments play a growing role, with 27% of children reporting seeing threats or images of sexual assault online and 33% encountering content encouraging violence against women and girls. Early exposure to pornography—typically around age 13, but sometimes younger—can also influence attitudes towards consent and relationships. The evidence emphasises that preventing harm early is key. School programmes that teach healthy relationships, challenge harmful gender norms and strengthen bystander skills can help shift attitudes and reduce harm. The report also stresses that children who display harmful sexual behaviour need support themselves, and that trusted adults — such as teachers, youth workers and parents — play a vital role in identifying concerns early, and helping children develop respectful relationships. Find the full report here.